Water heater



Oct. 30, 1928.

1,689,935 F. w. SHUELL WATER HEATER Filed Aug. 2, 1922 M ZT/wg A TTORNEY.

Patented a. 3o,' 19 2s.

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an, mammmgdmmm, A conclusion on. mcmegu.

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a r 2 1. 1 he ba sp v 'dd ith a b -M X wlqsure havin @pmures Z therein for an ng ei" In hi hamber 5 isle: ated. *1 ga bum 8. upplie by a, bemlui 3, The a er h 1 i su Dr ed by this base em e 3 which is p yi ed wi h? smug; 10 or the pu 'RQs an 39m i tan e ehov, he bes wth spece between th shel s m 2 is insulated W1th any character (if heatli lgsula ing m teria s for in telwe mineral 101 inciicqtea at 11. The h 1.12: teimipates shQrb o t e e 1 a he ppe end, a w b een in the draw i zande cove 1211s, p1 0; ided, nclosing t uppe @1 3 o e ou r she avid, P iding a ae eg w y :3 a we top from the inherit); oi the iimel shell to the, u t fshell. The ca t i n base member 3 1* t um e dg isv-p iwr d w t a, series eft 'ni 5%. 14 ad pwdfie lp 1 t the inner \yzjter ehambel 1 which 3 PI? l'il ly WEB; dr ce i ym a i is pes m d W thin; he hel 2, in pec d r la ion, th rewith and 1 6f: m y the pace ,6. betww 1. She 2 and we of th -We 'er c amber is ess n, w d h; me h ew b twe n the 91 s el nd inne sh l 2- h w e emb r mm; 1 end c l md wit ineule in lia: erm 18. and has an utlet wndx i f ss of W r he ev l mem w P watfir eha n gh er, by the grrqr xgement state s eld f m dixeci 0 9f ealthy this 1p; ifl io 1, a he top and fi t hey, byreawn' f t e heate gases f om, thbv ner 8 pass ng dire t ui we d, m h bu er in th $8.3 v .9 1? h t r C mber, Q'W hmugh the passage 2 h i ug the SW96 7129 an hel f t lue Openi g t the lspecel? ea hei ppe and ef th ewv hambe en lah e he e 1 h he w s? 1-5 The xh us fl 20 has e pening 21 o atmosi 2Q 'thata r m y w pward hrough the. flue 2Q wit e t ly afieeti d hw e f theheeted gases f rogn the heater. I is t un d as h einafte m e my des ribed; that-- th burner (w i is here 'shqw as 'a' gas burn is cqn mlled by a thermestatwhich may eat any epprq ed w type that cuts off the flame of the burner when the water has attained a predetermined temperature and opens the gas conduit and lights the burner upon a fall in temperature, th object being to maintain the body of water at a practically constant predetermined temperature and, by arranging the exhaust conduit so that no draft is directly applied to withdraw the heated gases of the heater, these gases remain in the spaces 16 and 17 which shield the inner water chamber to a large extent. Upon the flame being increased or upon the burner being ignited the heated gases will be forced upward in the channel 16 and thence downward and the only gases exhausted are those that are forced from the heater through influence of the heat of the burner. Therefore, the heated gases are utilized and heat is absorbed to the fullest extent.

The intake conduit for the water chamber is indicated at 22 extending through the insulating material and walls 1, 2 and 15 into the interior of the water chamber near the bottom. This conduit 22 ext nds diametrically across the water chamber having an open end 23 within the chamber.

The thermostat is preferably of the well known type in which a carbon rod is carried in a copper tube indicated at 24V which in my construction extends into the open end 23 of the inlet conduit 22. The tube 24; is thus practically entirely surrounded and subject to the. influence of the temperature. the water in this inl't conduit and is shielded from the main body of water in the heater by the wall of the conduit 22'. As will be readily understood by those familiar with this art, the fuel line 9 for the burner is controlled by a valve within the housing 25 on the exterior of the heater. A pilot light 91 of any approved form is provided to ignite the gas at the burner. lVith this apparatus the gas line valve is opened upon a certain fall in degree of temperature of the water in the nter chamber and is closed upon a certain increase in temperature of the wat r in the 'ater chamber. It has heretofore been the practice to place the thermostat tube 24 in position directly subject to influence of the temperature of the watt-r in the water chamber and with such former device the valve gradually closes as thetemperature of the water increases and the flame at the burner thus decreased to some extent before the desired temperature is attained. By shieldin e the tube in the manner here shown within the inlet conduit the water in the conduit itself surrounding this tube 21 does not increase in temperature as rapidly as in the water chamber proper. As the body of water becomes heated it expands causing a back flow into the inlet conduit 22 and thus suddenly increases the temperature of the tube 24 expanding the same and, due to its connction with the rod at the inner end, carries a comparatively quick closing of the valve cutting oil' the gas supply to the burner. The valve therefore controlled by the carbon rod in the conduit 2% remains open for a somewhat longer period than with previous constructions and closed more rapidly when the closing' movement begins. The opening movement of the valve also more sudden and complete due to the fact that upon any withdrawal of out 1' from the water chamber through the outlet conduit 19, water will llow through the conduit 22 to replace the same. This is cold water which directly influences the tube 2 causing it to contract and open the valve. l-lcrctofore, with ruch a conduit 24 immersed directly in the body of water in the heater, the valve is not opened until the whole body of the wat r in the ater chamber has rcaclu-d the crit ical low tennieraturc. itlt'houe h l have dcscribed and shown a gas burner and a pilot light in conjunction tiuIrw tll as a heating device it is also to be understood that an electrical heating device may be utilized controlled substantially in the same manner through city insion and contraction of the tubular member such as is shown at 2-l. all of which will. be readily understood by those familiar with the art.

\Vith the water of the chamber heated to a predetermined degree, the expansion of the water due to the heat thereof will cause a flow backward in the inlet tube bringing, water of the higher temperature about the copper tube of the thermostat device. This copper tube is therefore practically suddenly caused to expand and by reason of the copper tube being attached to the carbon red the gas valve is closed (if the heating element be gas burner) or if other type of burner, the means of producing the heat is cut off from the heating element. It new water is withdrawn from the water chamber through the outlet as by the opening of the valve in the outlet line, cold water flows through the inlet and about the copper tube of the thermostatic device practically with the first flow of water. This tends to contract the copper tube to move the carbon rod outward and open the valve permitting flow of gas to the burner which is ignited by the pilot light in such instance and thereby applying the heat iminediatelyto the water chamber to overcome the reduction in temperature caused by the inflow of cool water. The etliciency in operation of the device is occasioned largely by positioning: the device sensitive to temperature change in the inlet conduit rather than directly in the body of the water in the chamber as has heretofore been the practice. This arrangement results in a more sudden operation of the device controlling the heating element. the arrangement tending: to restrain cutting oft of the means of supplying heat until the whole body-of water has reached the critical temperature and also tends to sud- [denly actuate the thermostatic device to cause an increase of heat immediately upon even a small flow of colder water into the water chamber. By this arrangement the water is maintained at substantially a constant temperature at all times.

o ber and a space between the innershell and Water chamber opening directly to the combustion chamber, a cover member for the outer casing, the inner casing termlnating short of the cover providing for an egress of gases from the inner to the outer shells at the top,

the upper end of the water chamber having a heat insulated coverfinsulating material in the space between the outer and inner shells extending from the bottom thereof to above a the lowerend of the water chamber, an exhaust flue "opening through the outer shell just above the insulating material therebe tween, said exhaust flue having an opening to atmosphere below the point of connection of the flue with the shell ofa diameter praca tically equal to that of the flue,an outlet conduit. for the water chamber at the top, an inlet conduit therefor near the bottom, and

a thermostatically controlled heater member in the combustion chambeix i 2. A water chamber comprising a cy1indri' cal outer casing, a cylindrical inner casing in spaced relation therewith less in length than the outer casing, a cover member enclosing th'eupper end of the outer casing, a base supporting the said casings, a cylindrical water chamber in spaced relation with the inner casing extending to the cover at the top and terminating short of the bottom thereof providing a combustion chamber therebeneath, insulating material covering the top of the water chamber and insulating material between the inner and outerlcasings extending from the bottom to a' point above the lower end of the water chamber,

an exhaust fine in communication with the space between the inner and outer chambers 3 at a point just above the insulating material therebetween, the saidrbase supporting the said Water chamber, a thermostatically controlled heater me-mber'in the combustion chamber, the control device including a tubular member extending into the water chamber, an outlet conduit for the water chamber at the top, aninlet conduit extending into the water chamber at the bottom in which the tubular member ofthe thermostatic device is positioned.

In testimony whereof, sign this specifi cation. a

FRANK W. SHUELL. 

